I was finally able to track these down and I'm not aware of them being posted anywhere before.

In each skills' description I'm going to include the BB1 and BB10 data for each effect, as lower BB levels actually have relevance in summoner mode.

Sword

The sword's hit patterns are divided into two sets of hits; each is a 3f delay mini-blanket, but they're on different timings (2 blankets or a dupe needed to perfect spark)

BB

• 10 hit AoE 150~250% damage ( 80 flat ATK)
• 40~90% ATK for 3 turns
• 2 BC/turn for 3 turns

SBB

• 14 hit AoE 300~400% damage ( 100 flat ATK)
• 60~110% ATK for 3 turns
• 50~100% BB ATK for 3 turns

Lance

The Lance's hit pattern is mostly a perfect 3f spark blanket, but there's a slight gap near the start. All hits are on the same timing with regards to other spark blankets, so it's good.

BB

• 12 hit AoE 150~250% damage ( 80 flat ATK)
• 40~90% DEF/REC for 3 turns
• 100% DEF Ignore for 2 turns

SBB

• 15 hit AoE 300~400% damage ( 100 flat ATK)
• 60~110% DEF/REC for 3 turns
• Regen 800~900 HP (BB1) / 980~1080 HP (SBB10) 10% REC for 3 turns

Axe

The Axe, surprisingly, is a pure spark blanket in terms of hit timing. It does have a low hit count on BB, however the SBB has the joint highest hit count of all summoner weapons currently available (Claws have more at 20, but not available)

BB

• 9 hit AoE 150~250% damage ( 80 flat ATK)
• 60~110% ATK for 3 turns
• 20~40% Crit Chance for 3 turns

SBB

• 15 hit AoE 300~400% damage ( 100 flat ATK)
• 60~120% ATK for 3 turns
• 30~50% Crit Chance for 3 turns
• 15~25% Crit Damage for 3 turns

Claws

The Claws have a terrible animation. Like, seriously all over the place. Don't expect them to spark well.

BB

• 15 hit AoE 150~250% damage ( 80 flat ATK)
• 10~20% BC/HC Drop Rate for 3 turns

SBB

• 20 hit AoE 300~400% damage ( 100 flat ATK)
• 15~25% BC/HC Drop Rate for 3 turns
• 1 Hit Count for 3 turns

Update: Map 2 Weapon Data (Guns, Greatsword, Scythe) is in the comments

The EX Skills and Weapon Skills do not seem to be part of any of the current datamined skill data. This means that right now I can't find their exact effects in data.

It's worth noting that each weapon seems to have a weapon skill that adds the SBB-specific buff to the BB. As even at level 20 when SBB1 is unlocked the buffs on it are weaker than BB10, there is actually very little value to SBB1.

Disclaimer on the Claws - it's possible Gumi only translated them in case the possibility of making them available comes up. Things being in the data is not a guarantee that they will be released for global players (see also: JP artbook units).

On the same note, I went through the same section of BB data in JPBF and found 3 more weapons. I'm not really up to date on how many of them are available or which each one is, however.