Most discussion of "ship's food" or soldiers' rations that I've seen comes from European, and specifically British and American, naval and military traditions, with the standard being salted beef/pork/fish and hardtack of some sort being staples

But of course, sailors and soldiers needed to eat on long journeys the world over. North African pirates ranged far into Europe, the Ottomans had a major navy and fought extensive military campaigns, there was a thriving long distance trade in both parts of the Indian Ocean, and China maintained a very large army permanently deployed to remote frontiers, and Zheng He's long range voyage of discovery is one of the most famous in the world

Though of course fresh food could be obtained for many campaigns/sea journeys, there inevitably would be instances where preserved food was needed over long campaigns or voyages. Muslim soldiers and sailors were presumably not eating salt pork and drinking navy rum - what kind of preserved food was prevalent in the rest of the world?