Here is a little more information about the problem and the relevant class-action lawsuit, and includes a probably incomplete list of some hardware that contain the Intel Puma 6.

One of the most popular threads on dslreports has been discussing the issue since 2016 and contains a ton of information about the problem.

It can actually be kind of a pain to try to find which CPU yours contains without taking it apart but some things you can try are:

1. check http://en.techinfodepot.shoutwiki.com/wiki/Main_Page, which is an archive of wikidevi, which got shut down recently.
2. normal google and forum searches where you cross reference your models with the puma chip.
3. check https://fccid.io/ which might contain your model and may contain tons of info and photos of the chips themselves as it's being taken apart.
4. call the manufacturer and ask them. (for example, arris or netgear, etc.)
5. call your isp and ask for someone higher up that might know (the CSR will not have the information).

Here is a traceroute program that can help you visualize the problem and has a free trial version.

How I solved my problem:

I have Spectrum and they gave me a TG1682 Gateway and all of a sudden after a year of it working fine I had random but seemingly consistent stuttering every game of TagPro. I had someone from my ISP come out and investigate and they always seemed to say everything looked fine and would leave or replace my gateway with the same model.

After searching for my model I found the information above. I used pingplotter to get a visualization. At first, I could only see packet loss on the first two hops. I found out that this isn't a true problem because there is no packet loss throughout the entire route meaning the first two hops aren't actually lagging, it's more like pseudo-loss. I found out that there was update that made the problem less noticeable on ICMP packets, but not TCP.

Then I switch to TCP packets --> https://i.imgur.com/NoEmfOe.png

With TCP, I found about 0.3 percent loss on average with maximum ping reaching the 300s in spikes. The hop 2 graph shows my hardware, which isn't really an accurate picture. The 16th hop is more accurate and shows ping spikes very often and sometimes causes loss (the vertical red lines).

I called my ISP again and showed them the problem using what I learned about Intel Puma and the graphs and they had someone else come out and check again. They again found nothing when they directly connected their device to my gateway to check for loss. Then I asked what packets they were tracing and they said ICMP. I asked them to test TCP and that's when they said the device doesn't trace that. That's when I knew...

Spectrum was able to ignore the problem because even though some of those devices they give out to their customers aren't high quality, most people are too ignorant of this stuff to question it. Their employees test with devices that only check ICMP so it always come back clean on the Puma hardware.

I told him about this issue and then he gave me an alternative set up with modem and router separate instead of 2 in 1. He told me those models need to be restarted to update occasionally and if not may shut themselves off after a long period without an update. He also warned me to not put them too closely together as they mess with static electricity or create a magnetic field or something that will cause issues. He also gave me the contact information of who he said was the lead engineer of the local branch of spectrum or something, in case the problem persists. Other than that these have been working way better ever since.