Frequently Asked Questions

What is Severely Deficient Autobiographical Memory (SDAM)?

Severely Deficient Autobiographical Memory, otherwise known as SDAM, is the inability to vividly re-experience past events (episodic memory). It is characterized by the profound impairment of episodic autobiographical memory, despite normal recollection of facts and general knowledge (semantic memory)

How Does SDAM Relate to Episodic and Semantic Memory?

SDAM is characterized by deficits in the recollection of episodic autobiographical memories; however, it does not have an effect on semantic memory. This means that patients may be unable to vividly relive experiences from their past, yet are still able to recall factual information about it. 

How Common is SDAM?

While further research is necessary, researchers believe that SDAM's incidence may be similar to other neurodevelopmental conditions, affecting 1-2% of the population.

How is SDAM Different From Amnesia or Other Types of Memory Loss?

SDAM differs from diseases affecting the brain as well as other memory conditions in that it is life-long, non-degenerative, and is identified by severely deficient episodic memories in those that are cognitively healthy, have no history of brain trauma or injury, and do not show any imaging evidence of neuropathology.

Will SDAM Get Worse With Age?

No, it will not. The condition is non-degenerative. You can read more about SDAM’s link to age-related memory loss by clicking here

Can I Cure or Treat SDAM?

There is no cure or treatment for SDAM, but certain memory retrieval aids can help with the effects of deficient episodic memory. These commonly include taking photographs, journaling, and utilizing reminders.

Is there a Link Between SDAM and Deficits in Visualization?

Yes, many patients with SDAM report a lack of visual imagery during retrieval of autobiographical memories. To learn more about absent visualization, please check out r/Aphantasia 

Does SDAM Affect Relationships?

While research has not been conducted specifically on how SDAM affects relationships, unrelated prior studies, linked here & here, have identified the potential importance of shared emotional and detailed memories for the formation of strong interpersonal bonds and connections. This may also impact how those with SDAM experience relationships as episodic memories capture warmth and intimacy, while semantic memories are an emotionally neutral narrative.

Can I Still Live an Otherwise Normal Life with SDAM?

Yes, you definitely can. While SDAM does force adaptations in certain aspects of functioning, our subreddit's community members are a testimony to the success and normalcy those with SDAM can achieve within their personal lives. Our diverse community features happy couples, successful professionals, grandparents, college students and everyone in between from across the globe.

How Can I Be Diagnosed with SDAM?

As of 2021, all cases are self-diagnosed and there is no way to be officially diagnosed; however, further research into the condition may change this.

Is There Other Evidence to Support the Existence of SDAM?

Neuroimaging has shown distinct variations in brains of those with SDAM. Structural abnormalities included volume reductions of the right hippocampus which is associated with the recollection of non-verbal/visual information, while functional variations showed reduced activation in regions of the brain’s autobiographical memory network.

Why Is Minimal Information Available on SDAM?

First identified in 2015, SDAM is a relatively recent discovery. However, further research and information on the condition will be conducted and made available with time.

Recommended SDAM Subreddit Posts

Infographic Guide to SDAM

Compilation of Published Research on SDAM

Documenting SDAM’s Features Using Our Subreddit’s Posts

Summarizing Research on Age-Related Memory Loss and SDAM

Relationships and Memory Issues

Compensating for SDAM at Professional Interviews

Forgiving and Forgetting Without Grudges

Grieving with SDAM

Recommended Research Articles & Sources on SDAM

Baycrest's Rotman Research Institute: SDAM - MAIN WEBSITE  & FACTS AND QUESTIONS

Severely deficient autobiographical memory (SDAM) in healthy adults: A new mnemonic syndrome

Aphantasia and Severely Deficient Autobiographical Memory: Scientific and personal perspectives

Individual Differences in Autobiographical Memory

Aphantasia, SDAM, and Episodic Memory

SDAM in the Press & News

Wired: In a Perpetual Present

ABC AU: The time-travelling brain

EurekAlert: Living life in the third person

BBC: Could you have this memory disorder?

The Cut: What It’s Like to Remember Nothing From Your Past

Want to Participate in a Study on SDAM?

Click the link to help further scientists’ understanding of Severely Deficient Autobiographical Memory. This study is conducted by leading SDAM researchers at Baycrest's Rotman Research Institute and the University of Toronto.

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