TLDR: Want to build computer that will have some power to help make using cad and graphic design software a smoother experience. Is an intel core/rtx gpu type build or a xeon/quadro(and/or their AMD equivelants) build more effective for my use case which does not include gaming? More concerned with effectiveness than budget but still welcome info about both.

My PC was built focused on gaming around 2017-2018. Its an i7-8700k with a 1080 ti and 24GB ram. I almost never game on it anymore and instead am now on it more to use cad software and adobe suite both my business and a bit of personal tinkering, I don't care about gaming performance moving forward because the only gaming I really do these is at my friends house on his xbox playing 2 player games. But when editing my graphics on adobe and especially using cad software I find the performance to be frustratingly slow at times. So I want to upgrade with those purposes in mind and when trying to do my own research I find I might want more of a workstation build. But when trying to learn about building workstations the SEO just floods me with "can you game on x?". So I thought i'd ask informed people because I'm not in the loop of things with pcs nearly as much as I once was and workstations are pretty alien to me.

First question I have is should I just look to gut out my case and update with newer and better hardware, or should I maybe look into a xeon/threadripper type of form factor? From what I've gathered a workstations is more like a server form factor. I have room for a bigger unit(would say I could fit about a 2' x 4' x 5' unit) but I would prefer it not to be super noisy, and am OK shelling out for that premium. I don't know if xeon/threadripper cpu vs a standard core cpu is better for my use case, from what I understand typically higher clock speed is more valuable than more cores but I don't know how that applies in my use case. Same goes for nvidia quadro vs gpus gamers would buy. Would also like to know more about tesla, do those boost the performance when combined with the quadro or is that a specific use case? What are the AMD equivalents of that? I'm not so much concerned with specific models to buy as I'm always buying tech secondhand and I'm comfortable piecing it out if I need to accommodate a bigger budget build.