We often hear about how the scientific revolution, especially in the 18th and 19th centuries, completely upended the western worldview and led to dramatic cultural changes in how society related to religion, to scientific knowledge, and the ways that ideologies adapted to or exploited this new knowledge and its destabilisation of church authority.

However, I've never really head how this effects the Islamic world. I know it must have, because modern day Islamic apologetics has aspects that closely mirror Christian apologetics in how they either deny scientific knowledge and authority, or try to claim their scriptures actually anticipated and are consistent with scientific knowledge in a coded way (thus legitimating them).

How did it effect the Islamic world? What are the consequences of those impacts? And for bonus points, how did it effect other religious traditions?