While reading this surprisingly fascinating article on female genitalia, sexual preference and pleasure in the animal kingdom I can't help but notice the historical patriarchal slant of the science.

One quote from the article:

No one seemed to have an answer. The problem was, the typical bird-dissection technique focused almost entirely on the male. When researchers did dissect a female duck, they sliced all the way up through the sides of the vagina to get at the sperm-storage tubules near the uterus (in birds, it’s called the shell gland), distorting their true anatomy.

On the topic of female ducks, they have learned that their genitalia have evolved to thwart reproducing offspring of a violent partner. (Of which, apparently there are a lot). They are now finding this same thing in other types of animals.

We already know that the human clitoris wasn't fully mapped out until the late 1990's and that science is still figuring out how it works and what is 'purpose' is. So with all that in mind, my question is this:

What other topics in science are mostly based on the study of males vs including everyone? What things do we take as scientific fact that may be skewed by bias and patriarchy?