One area of the case that has attracted a lot of non-data based erroneous assumptions is the cell phone tower "ping" location information. Taking some of these assumptions in turn:

• ASSUMPTION: There are only 1 or 2 cell towers in Moscow so triangulation was not possible, therefore cell tower derived location cannot be accurate#

This is provably wrong, and apparently originated with an Idaho Statesman article which quoted a defence "consultant" who said there are only two towers. This has been repeated. That article illustrated cell coverage by placing towers on the circumference of "coverage area" circles, rather than at or near the centre of such circles.

There are actually 3 AT&T towers in the town of Moscow within 2 miles of King Road. There are 5 AT&T towers within a few miles of Moscow. There are 18 AT&T towers around the general Pullman/ Moscow area.

Link to Map : AT&T Towers - Moscow/ Pullman area

There are 28 cell towers from all providers, including shared towers that provide service to multiple carriers, within 3 miles of King Road, Moscow:

Link to Map: 28 Towers within 3 miles of 1122 King Road

These tower maps are taken from CellMapper and AntennaSearch websites, links below :

**\* CellMapper website and map**\* Link to AntennaSearch website and map

So clearly, with 5 AT&T towers in the immediate area of Moscow, and 28 cell towers many of which provide service to all carriers, and 136 cellular antennae, there are enough towers for location triangulation.

​

• *ASSUMPTION* - Cell tower location data is just generally inaccurate and cannot reliably place a phone with an error of miles

Testing this by looking at sworn evidence given under oath in a court case, rather than defence "consultants" who may be self-promoting for business speaking to newspapers. In a Coroners Court Inquest in 2021 in a missing person case (Theo Hayez, a missing Belgian backpacker in Australia), an internationally respected expert in cell tower signal data, Professor Aruna Senevirante, testified that cell tower triangulation data was accurate to within 78 metres. As this was a Court inquest there was no defence vs prosecution dynamic, but evidence was given under oath and penalty of perjury.

While there may be differences in tower transceivers, proximity and local geography between that case in Byron Bay and Moscow, ID, there are, hopefully, no differences in behaviours of electromagnetic radiation or tranceiver technology between Australia and USA to make a significant difference. If a phone can be placed with an accuracy of /- 80 metres there, we would expect the laws of physics to hold also in Idaho. So we can be confident cell tower data is not out by miles as some claim, but perhaps has an error in the hundred of metres. Link to the Coroner Court case and testimony referenced, and the cell location expert's biography:

Coroners Court - Cell Tower Location Accurate Within 78 Metres

[^Prof. Aruna Seneviratne** biography- Professor of Telecommunications at the University of New South Wales, Mahanakorn Chair of Telecommunications, Electronic Engeering. Has worked at Universities in Australia, UK, France and industrial organizations including Standard Telecommunication Labs and Telecom Australia (Telstra). He held visiting appointments at INIRA (France) and had a number of fellowships including one at British Telecom and one at Telecom Australia Research Labs. He was Director of Australia’s Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Centre of Excellence]^{^}

It has also been pointed out by experts in this area that even with just a single tower, stating that a phone location can only be estimated within a large circular area around that tower is wrong -- because towers are actually 3, 6 or more sub transceivers that have a directional aspect. Each transceiver covers a 60 to 120 degree sector. So even a phone connecting to the closest AT&T tower to King Road could be placed in a 60 degree cone from the tower if there were not 4 other towers, which there are - illustrating that concept (roughly, using cell tower transceiver azimuths from Cell Mapper), with King Road in red:

Link to Map - Cell Tower Closest to King Rd: Cell tower transceivers service c.60 degree sectors

• ASSUMPTION: Misunderstandings of what was stated and can be verified/ cross checked in the PCA relating to cell tower/ phone location information

The PCA made no claim about Kohberger's location at the time of the murders. It does infer from phone data that his phone was in the area of his apartment at 2.42am Nov 13th, and started moving south through Pullman toward the main Moscow road at 2.47am. It was south of Moscow, near Blaine ID at 4.48am. The PCA then states that Kohberger's phone moved in a loop over c. 40 miles across a rural area back to Pullman, passing near Unionstown and Johnston. This phone movement was synchronous with the movement of the suspect white car as captured on video at a minimum of 7 locations as it returned to Pullman and drove to the area around Kohbergers apartment at c. 5.30am. PCA next states the phone was is in the general area of King Road at 9.12am where it stayed for 10 minutes before returning to area of Kohberger's apartment c. 9.32am.

At 12.36pm the phone was at Kate's Cup of Joe coffee stall in Clarkston WA, where surveillance footage from a shop opposite captured the suspect white car drive past. At 12.46pm cell tower data shows the phone around Albertsons grocery in Clarkston, while video surveillance shows Kohberger inside Albertsons at 12.49pm.

A key aspect of these c. 10 video surveillance sightings is that they place Kohberger with the suspect car and his phone, and allow cell tower inferred/ estimated locations to be checked and verified with known video locations.

The cell tower data showing Kohberger driving south of Moscow in a loop back to Pullman should be considered very accurate in terms of the route and movement, because cell towers (AT&T) are spread, discretely at intervals along this route - as the phone goes past each one it would connect in sequence. Showing some of these sequential cell towers along his route from 4.48am

Link to Map - Cell towers south of Moscow: ​

https://preview.redd.it/zntu0pqi6icb1.jpg?width=501&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=631c94c85e7cb2c1940c67cb6d62419d1e7d6c61

• ASSUMPTION: The PCA states Kohberger's phone connected to a tower servicing Moscow on November 14th but that he was not believed to be in Moscow on that date, therefore all the cell tower data is wrong!

This last one is either being deliberately misunderstood and/ or the wording in the PCA is causing confusion. It seemed (my inference) to be included in the context of Kohberger's pattern of at least 12 visits to the King Road area of Moscow over the previous 2 months suddenly stopping on November 13th.

Regarding the accuracy of the location, stated simply, if you are west of Moscow and east of Pullman, there is an area where the closest tower is in Moscow. Given 5 AT&T towers in/ immediately around Moscow, there are probably many locations around the town where the closest tower might be in town but the phone connecting is not. This seems a simple concept and says nothing about the accuracy of location data - the location of the phone is not estimated from, solely, which tower it is connected to, but also distance / timing differential to other towers and the connected tower.

This map illustrates the area to west of Moscow and east of Pullman, centred on the main road between the two towns, where a phone would be closest to a Moscow cell tower but not be in Moscow. (King Road circled red). There is a group of shops in that area along the main road. It does not seem mysterious that if someone was at a shop in that area his/ her phone would connect to a tower in Moscow, but not be in the town of Moscow.

Link to Map: Area between Moscow and Pullman - closest tower in Moscow

TL/ DR: Contrary to repeated claims there are not just 1-2 cell towers in Moscow, there are 3 AT&T towers in town, 5 AT&T towers in close vicinity and 18 AT&T towers in the "greater" Pullman/ Moscow area. There are 28 cell towers within 3 miles of King Road, therefore triangulation location is possible. Cell tower location is accurate to within 78 metres and matches, with high confidence at that error level, GPS data according to court testimony by an international expert in a missing person case. Allowing for difference in geography and tower configuration, location data is likely accurate at level of 100 metres, not miles. The location data for Kohberger's phone after the murders, moving with the suspect car, is likely very accurate due to towers being dispersed along the route. Location data for Kohberger's phone can be verified against multiple video sightings at known locations.